Yes, you can use something like SambaDroid -
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=berserker.android.apps.sambadroid&hl=en - to access (and edit) your device's files on another device. Other options like FTP servers exist, but SambaDroid is relatively simple to use, and means you can just open Windows Explorer (Network, just under My Computer) rather than having to install/use an FTP client on your PC.
You can also edit files on your PC, then copy them across to your device using a memory card/USB thumbdrive/external hard drive (using something like ES File Explorer or File Manager HD (both preinstalled)).
Let us know if you need guidance.